Objective To investigate the correlation between dermoscopic features and histopathological manifestations in molluscum contagiosum (MC). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 25 histopathologically confirmed MC cases at the Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from June 2020 to June 2025. Clinical, dermoscopic, and pathological data were collected to analyze the association between dermoscopic features and histopathological findings. Results Under the dermoscope, 25 cases showed white structureless areas that corresponded histopathologically to molluscum bodies. Under polarized light, molluscum bodies in the epidermis (19 cases) and dermis (6 cases) appeared as bright white and yellowish-white structureless areas, respectively. The dermal papillary vessels exhibited distinct vascular patterns under dermoscopy due to compression by molluscum bodies, superficial dermal inflammatory reactions, and optical masking effects. There was significant difference in the distribution of soft wart bodies in skin lesions with different vascular morphologies (P=0.012). Conclusion The dermoscopic features correlate with histopathological changes in MC, providing a reliable basis for non-invasive clinical diagnosis.

Objective To comprehensively analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of patients with nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis who were treated at our outpatient clinic from January 2018 to August 2024. Results Among the 47 patients, 6 were male and 41 were female, with a male-to-female ratio of 1 ∶6.83. The ages ranged from 14 to 69 years, with an average of 41.74±13.79 years. The majority of cases occurred in the 20-40 age group (19 patients, accounting for 40.43%), and in the 41-59 age group (22 patients, 46.81%). Regarding the lesion sites, the buttocks(15 cases), thighs(10 cases), and back(8 cases) were the common sites. Clinical diagnoses were consistent with pathological diagnoses in 10 cases, resulting in a coincidence rate of 21.28%. The most common misdiagnosis was acrochordon, accounting for 9 cases (19.15%). The main histopathological feature was the presence of a large number of mature adipocytes between the collagen bundles in the dermis. Conclusions Nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis predominantly occurs on the buttocks, thighs, and back. The number of cases in females is much higher than that in males. It may easily be misdiagnosed. Most cases present as a single lesion. Clinicians should strengthen their knowledge to further improve the accuracy of clinical diagnoses.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of the ″double-kite″ flap for reconstructing lip skin defects. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 20 patients who underwent excision of benign lip tumors at the Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from June 2024 to January 2025. Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores were used to evaluate scar outcomes at 6 months post-operation, while healing pattern, postoperative complications, aesthetic matching, texture and function were also recorded. Results Ten patients (Group A) received reconstruction with the ″double-kite″ flap, and ten patients (Group B) underwent conventional tension-reducing suturing. The median VSS score in Group A was significantly lower than that in Group B [0.5 (1.0) vs. 4.0 (2.0), U=6.0, P<0.001]. In Group A, 9 patients achieved primary healing, and 1 had secondary healing with mild hypertrophic scarring. In Group B, 9 patients achieved primary healing, and 1 developed infection-related secondary healing, with a higher incidence of widened or hypertrophic scars. Group A showed better aesthetic matching, texture, and functional recovery than Group B. No severe complications occurred in either group. Conclusions The ″double-kite″ flap makes full use of the ″cat-ear″ tissue formed during excision, significantly reducing suture tension and improving the appearance and texture of the scar. It also provides reliable blood supply and fewer complications, making it a safe and effective option for repairing lip defects

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of glycolic acid combined with skin barrier function repair in patients with facial melasma. Methods Sixty-four patients with facial melasma treated at the Department of Dermatology, Yantian District People's Hospital, Shenzhen from January 2024 to June 2024 were randomly divided into two groups (32 patients per group). The control group was treated with glycolic acid once every four weeks. The treatment group received a combined therapy of glycolic acid and skin barrier function repair, with glycolic acid treatment once every 4 weeks and desensitization treatment once every two weeks. After 16 weeks of treatment, the changes in the melasma area and severity index (MASI) scores were evaluated, and the effective rate and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results After 16 weeks of treatment, the MASI score in both groups was decreased, with a more prominent decrease in the treatment group (P=0.035 vs. the control group). The effective rate in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group (87.50% vs. 71.88%, P<0.05), and patient satisfaction rate was also higher in the treatment group than in the control group (87.50% vs. 75.00%, P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of skin barrier function repair and glycolic acid has a good therapeutic effect on melasma, along with a higher patient satisfaction rate.

Objective To construct a combination model integrating seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and generalized regression neural network (GRNN) to provide a new methodological approach for predicting the incidence trend of syphilis in Jiangsu Province. Methods Monthly syphilis incidence data from Jiangsu Province from January 2005 to December 2019 were used to establish SARIMA and SARIMA-GRNN combined models, with a comparative analysis of their fitting accuracy and predictive performance. Results The optimal SARIMA model parameters were SARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,1)₁₂, and the best smoothing parameter (spread) for the SARIMA-GRNN combined model was 0.11. In the prediction of syphilis incidence in 2019, the root mean square errors (RMSE) for the SARIMA model and the SARIMA-GRNN combination model were 0.336 and 0.287, respectively, while the mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) were 10.43% and 8.83%, respectively. And the mean absolute errors (MAE) were 0.278 and 0.245, respectively. Compared to the SARIMA model, the SARIMA-GRNN combination model reduced the RMSE by 14.58%, the MAPE by 15.33%, and the MAE by 11.87%, indicating that the SARIMA-GRNN combination model outperformed the SARIMA model in prediction accuracy. Conclusions The SARIMA-GRNN combination model is more precise than the SARIMA model in fitting monthly syphilis incidence data in Jiangsu Province and has higher prediction accuracy, making it suitable for predicting syphilis incidence in this province.

Objective To evaluate the training effectiveness of the dermatology course in the Guangdong Province Assistant General Practitioner Teacher Training Program based on the feedback from participants, assess participants' needs for future courses, summarize training experiences, and provide a foundation for developing assistant general practitioner training and accelerating the construction of the general practitioner teaching team. Methods From January to December 2024, the cluster sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey of the trainees participating in the 2024 Guangdong Province Assistant General Practitioner Teacher Training Program. The questionnaire included sections on the trainees' basic information, their perceived benefits of the courses for future teaching, satisfaction with the training course schedule, course design, assessment content and methods, overall satisfaction with the teacher training program, and their needs for future courses. Results A total of 169 questionnaires were distributed, with 159 valid responses collected, yielding a valid response rate of 94.08%. Regarding overall satisfaction with the training program, 73.58% of trainees were very satisfied, while 26.42% were generally satisfied. Moreover, 95.60% of the trainees believed that the courses related to skin diseases would be very helpful for their future teaching roles. In terms of the schedule for the training program, 66.04% of participants were very satisfied, with only 1.88% expressing dissatisfaction due to the perception that the course schedule was too tight and that the duration of the courses was insufficient. In terms of course design, 99.37% of participants reported being very satisfied. Regarding the assessment content and methods, 98.74% of participants were very satisfied; only 1.26% found the assessment content to be overly challenging or the format to be unengaging. When asked about desired future courses, 86.79% of participants expressed interest in dermatology outpatient scenario-based teaching, 57.23% in courses on new media and online teaching technologies, and 54.72% in narrative medicine. Additionally, some participants hoped for courses on interpreting the latest guidelines(27.04%), the general practice concept in dermatology teaching (18.24%), PBL (Problem-Based Learning) course design (13.21%), and the integration of ideological and political elements in teaching activities (11.95%). Conclusions The Assistant General Practitioner Teacher Training Program in Guangdong Province is well-organized, with a reasonable course design and practical content. Participants have reported significant benefits from the training. The program's courses related to dermatology have received high satisfaction ratings and achieved good training outcomes. This provides valuable experiences and references for the development of the general practitioner teaching workforce.

We report a case of pediatric Kimura's disease complicated by atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab. An 11-year-old boy presented with a three-year history of a left facial mass that recurred more than a year after surgery. He also had a four-year history of “eczema”. Dermatological examination revealed a subcutaneous, oval-shaped mass on the parotid region of the left face, measuring approximately 55 mm×50 mm in size. Generalized red papules and scratches with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation were present on the trunk and limbs. Ancillary examinations showed elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and an increased percentage of eosinophils. Histopathological examination of the skin demonstrated either diffuse or nodular infiltration of numerous lymphocytes and eosinophils in the deep dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Focal eosinophilic micro-abscesses and multiple lymphoid follicle formations, with collagen and fibroblast proliferation were observed between the lymphoid follicles. Diagnoses: ① Kimura's disease, ② Atopic dermatitis. The patient was treated with an initial dose of 400 mg of dupilumab, followed by 200 mg every two weeks. At the four-month follow-up, the child's tumor had significantly decreased in size. The serum immunoglobulin IgE levels and the percentage of eosinophils also decreased. The child is currently still under follow-up.

We report a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) overlap syndrome induced by chemical exposure. A 49-year-old female presented with erythemas, blisters, and erosion on the trunk and limbs for 10 days. The patient developed localized white patches following exposure to industrial glue. The lesions progressed to edematous erythemas and vesicles, rapidly spreading to the upper limbs, trunk, face, neck, and lower limbs, accompanied by erosion and epidermal desquamation. Dermatological examination revealed erythemas that partially merged into patches on the trunk, forearms, lower legs, palms, and dorsal hands. The erythema exhibited darker borders and a lighter center, presenting as an atypical target with central blisters. Erosion was present, with exfoliation of 14.5% of the body surface area (BSA). Skin pathology revealed full-thickness necrolysis and separation of the epidermis at the dermoepidermal junction. Diagnosis: overlap syndrome of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). The patient's condition improved following treatment with topical and systemic glucocorticoids, recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α receptor Ⅱ, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). There was no evidence of recurrence during the 1-year follow-up.

Recent studies have revealed that photoaging not only contributes to the aging of various skin cells but is also accompanied by the senescence of cells in other organs throughout the body. The SIRT family, a well-known class of longevity genes, has demonstrated significant potential in maintaining anti-aging homeostasis in both the skin and the entire organism. Upon activation, SIRT-encoded proteins perform multiple cellular functions, including ameliorating the inflammatory extracellular matrix microenvironment induced by photoaging, stabilizing telomeres and repairing DNA damage through epigenetic mechanisms, and alleviating oxidative stress responses such as ribotoxic stress. Moreover, SIRTs have been identified as key mediators in the anti-aging effects of probiotics. In hair follicles, the skin appendage, the protective upregulation of SIRTs promotes hair growth and facilitates the reversal of graying. However, the specific mechanisms by which SIRTs and other longevity genes maintain skin and systemic anti-aging homeostasis still require further scientific research and systematic elucidation. This review systematically summarizes current advances in the mechanisms and applications of longevity genes in preserving skin anti-aging homeostasis, using SIRTs as a representative example. It also explores the potential of activating longevity genes to counteract photoaging and systemic aging, thereby promoting healthy aging. We hope to offer new insights and directions for future research into the mechanisms and practical applications of longevity genes.

The invasion of Treponema pallidum can affect multiple structures of the eyes, thereby leading to the development of ocular syphilis. The pathogenesis of ocular syphilis is closely related to the activity of mucopolysaccharide enzymes on the surface of Treponema pallidum. The clinical manifestations are complex and diverse, and often lack specificity. It may present as conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, optic neuritis, etc. Diagnostic methods include ophthalmic functional examinations, ophthalmic morphological examinations, ophthalmic imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Treatment primarily relies on the use of antibiotics, and corticosteroids may occasionally be added. There is a close connection between ocular syphilis and neurosyphilis, and in cases of co-infection with HIV, the prognosis of patients is usually poor. This article reviews the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of ocular syphilis, providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a common autoimmune blistering skin disease characterized by tense blisters and severe pruritus, significantly impacting the quality of life of affected patients. Treatment strategies have expanded from conventional corticosteroids and immunosuppressants to novel immunomodulatory agents. These include targeting B cells therapies (rituximab), IgE (omalizumab), Th2 axis (dupilumab), complement system (sutimlimab, avdoralimab), eosinophils (bertilimumab, benralizumab), and Th17 axis (ustekinumab, tildrakizumab). These therapies have shown promising efficacy in refractory BP, reducing corticosteroid dependence and alleviating itching. Combination therapy strategies and low-dose IL-2 provide additional options for patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related BP (ICI-BP). This article systematically reviews advancements in immunological treatments for both BP and ICI-BP, including their mechanisms of action and safety profiles, providing references to optimize clinical management.